What are the main downstream applications of aniline beyond MDI, and how do they shape demand?

Aniline is primarily produced via catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene, using benzene, nitric acid, and hydrogen as feedstocks. While MDI dominates consumption, other downstream segments matter. Rubber chemicals, including antioxidants and accelerators such as p-aminodiphenylamine and hydroquinone, account for over 11% of aniline use. Dye intermediates, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals consume smaller volumes but offer higher-value niches. Halogenated aniline derivatives alone represent roughly 40% of downstream fine chemical products, though individual volumes are limited. The push to extend benzene value chains in integrated refining-petrochemical complexes is driving new investment in aniline derivatives, especially where surplus benzene cannot be blended into fuels.